Electromagnetic Clutch And Magnetic Powder Clutch

Clutches are divided into four types: electromagnetic clutches, magnetic powder clutches, friction clutches, and hydraulic clutches. The clutch is located in the flywheel housing between the engine and the gearbox, and the clutch assembly is fixed on the rear plane of the flywheel with screws, and the output shaft of the clutch is the input shaft of the gearbox. Today we briefly introduce two clutches.

1. Electromagnetic clutch: The engagement and separation of the clutch are controlled by the power on and off of the coil.

Electromagnetic clutches can be divided into dry single-plate electromagnetic clutches, dry multi-plate electromagnetic clutches, wet multi-plate electromagnetic clutches, magnetic powder clutches, slip electromagnetic clutches, etc.

The working mode of the electromagnetic clutch can be divided into a power-on combination and a power-off combination.

Dry-type single-plate electromagnetic clutch: When the coil is energized, the "armature" piece is magnetically attracted, and the clutch is in the engaged state; when the coil is powered off, the "armature" springs back, and the clutch is in the disengaged state.

Dry multi-disc and wet multi-disc electromagnetic clutches: The principle is the same as above, and several additional friction pairs are added. The torque of the same volume is larger than that of dry single-disc electromagnetic clutches. The wet multi-disc electromagnetic clutches must be cooled by oil or other coolants when they work.

2. Magnetic powder clutch. A magnet is placed between the driving and driven parts. When the power is not energized, the magnetic powder is in a loose state. When the power is applied, the magnetic powder is combined, and the driving part and the driven part rotate at the same time. Advantages: The torque can be adjusted by adjusting the current, allowing a large slip. Disadvantages: When the slip is large, the temperature rise is large, and the relative price is high.

Slip electromagnetic clutch: When the clutch is working, there must be a certain speed difference between the master and slave parts to transmit torque. The torque depends on the strength of the magnetic field and the speed difference. The excitation current remains unchanged, and the speed decreases sharply with the increase of torque; while the torque remains unchanged the excitation current decreases, and the speed decreases more seriously.

Slip electromagnetic clutch has no mechanical connection between the main and driven parts, no wear, no magnetic powder leakage, and no impact, and the rotating speed can be changed by adjusting the excitation current. It is used as a continuously variable transmission, which is its advantage. The main disadvantage of this clutch is that the eddy currents in the rotor generate heat that is directly proportional to the speed difference. The efficiency at low-speed operation is very low, the efficiency value is the main, speed ratio of the driven shaft, that is, η=n2/n1.

A mechanical transmission system is suitable for high-frequency action, which can combine or separate the driving part and the driving part when the driving part is running.

When the active part and the driven part are in a separate state, the active part rotates and the driven part is stationary; when the active part and the driven part are in a joint state, the active part takes the driven part to rotate.

Widely used in machine tools, packaging, printing, textiles, light industry, and office equipment.

The electromagnetic clutch is generally used in a medium with an ambient temperature of -20-50°C, a humidity of less than 85%, and a non-explosive medium, and its coil voltage fluctuation does not exceed ±5% of the rated voltage.

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